...threaten Earth’s biodiversity. Extinction is a natural...
...current rate of extinction is what underlies...
...“in danger of extinction throughout all or...
...are threatened with extinction. The Center for...
...are threatened. The extinction rate for North...
...either very near extinction or endangered. Extinction...
...extinction or endangered. Extinction of species may...
...adjacent one; global extinction means that a...
...ecosystems. The local extinction of one species,...
...severe hunting pressure. Extinction of the bats...
...loss may mean extinction. The IUCN states...
...probability of local extinction. The prairies of...
...become extinct. The extinction vortex is a...
...smaller numbers until extinction is inevitable. The...
...rescued from an extinction vortex. The greater...
...test of the extinction vortex hypothesis, the...
...down into an extinction vortex until rescued...
...starting down an extinction vortex varies with...
...starts down the extinction vortex? The answer...

...times of mass extinction, when many forms...
...many species to extinction and providing new...
...to much terrestrial extinction. Another effect of...
...the rate of extinction increased dramatically. The...
...is a mass extinction, in which large...
...In each mass extinction, 50% or more...
...The Permian mass extinction defines the boundary...
...The Permian mass extinction happened at a...
...in the Permian extinction. The Cretaceous extinction...
...extinction. The Cretaceous extinction of 65 million...
...the Cretaceous mass extinction is a thin...
...a sixth mass extinction under way? Human...
...are threatened with extinction. More than a...
...document the current extinction rate. Tropical rain...
...a species to extinction before we know...
...rate. A mass extinction can remove a...
...after a mass extinction. It took 100...
...the Permian mass extinction. Mass extinctions can...
...arise, or when extinction opens up ecological...
...radiation following the extinction of the dinosaurs...
...before the Cretaceous extinction. A few mammals...
...continental drift, mass extinction, and adaptive radiation...
...is their birth, extinction is their death,...

...threaten Earths biodiversity Extinction is a natural...
...current rate of extinction is what underlies...
...in danger of extinction throughout its range,...
...are threatened with extinction. The Center for...
...heartbeats away from extinction. Several researchers estimate...
...this new century. Extinction of species may...
...adjacent one. Global extinction means that a...
...diversity. The local extinction of one species,...
...probability of local extinction. The prairies of...
...biological communities. The extinction of one species...
...especially if the extinction involves a keystone...
...become extinct. The extinction vortex is a...
...smaller numbers until extinction is inevitable. The...
...starts down the extinction vortex The answer...
...down into an extinction vortex until rescued...
...to prevent the extinction of other forms...
...size endangered species extinction vortex introduced species...

...species are present, extinction rates increase because...
...the rate of extinction D) introduced species...
...current rate of extinction is what underlies...
...Differentiate between plant extinction and animal extinction....
...extinction and animal extinction. D) Use the...
...Use the average extinction rates of vertebrates...
...current rates of extinction A) indicate that...
...which speciation and extinction rates are approximately...
...assessments of current extinction rates probably come...
...concept of the extinction vortex A) Populations...
...factor driving the extinction vortex is intraspecific...
...factor driving the extinction vortexE) Interbreeding leads...
...Recall that An extinction vortex is a...
...factor driving the extinction vortex is the...

...1Conservation BiologyBIOL3620Lecture 6Estimating Extinction and Vulnerability to...
...Assignment 1 2Estimating Extinction RatesThe Island Biogeography...
...to estimate future extinction ratesCentral observation that...
...species-area relationship 3Estimating Extinction RatesFigure 7.8 The...
...an island 4Estimating Extinction RatesWhy do large...
...PROBABILITY OF LOCAL EXTINCTION OF NEWLY EVOLVED...
...ARRIVED SPECIES. Estimating Extinction RatesSpecies-area relationship can...
...NUMBERS (BIRDS) 6Estimating Extinction RatesModel validated and...
...114,524 km23057 7Estimating Extinction RatesIsland biogeography hypothesis:1....
...new species) and extinction rate of existing...
...until rates of extinction and immigration are...
...are balanced 8Estimating Extinction RatesIsland biogeography hypothesis:2....
...HABITAT FOR COLONIZATION3. Extinction rate lower on...
...from mainland 9Estimating Extinction RatesFigure 7.9 The...
...estimates of global extinction ratesConservative estimate:1% loss...
...and generalizations of extinction rate predictions using...
...species) have lower extinction rates Species with...
...fish) have higher extinction ratesModel assumes all...
...fragmentation may affect extinction ratesVery small patches...
...accurate estimate of extinction rates for smaller...
...more vulnerable to extinction than others, for...
...species 21Vulnerability to Extinction –Rare SpeciesRare SpeciesCriteria...
...range 22Vulnerability to Extinction –Rare SpeciesSpecies can...
...rare 23Vulnerability to Extinction –Rare Species2. Specific...
...HABITAT 24Vulnerability to Extinction –Rare Species3. Small...
...seals 25Vulnerability to Extinction –Rare SpeciesThe criteria...
...translocation 26Vulnerability to Extinction - EndemicsEndemic Species...
...extinct 27Vulnerability to Extinction - EndemicsEndemic Species...
...most vulnerable to extinction:Species with very narrow...
...most vulnerable to extinction:Species with small population...
...most vulnerable to extinction:Species that are hunted...
...are threatened with extinction. 35Conservation CategoriesConservation biologists...
...considered threatened with extinction 36Conservation CategoriesThe categories...
...high risk of extinction in wild according...
...high risk of extinction in wild according...
...– Criteria DOverall extinction probability > 50%...

...any otherBut current extinction rate is greater...
...in the wildLocal extinction or extirpationRegional extinctionEcological...
...AND FUNCTIONWhat is Extinction? 6Global extinctionExtinct means...
...(Vermivora bachmanii)What is Extinction? 7What is Extinction?Bachman’s...
...Extinction? 7What is Extinction?Bachman’s warbler – last...
...grounds 8What is Extinction?Global extinction also includes...
...8What is Extinction?Global extinction also includes extinct...
...(Franklinia altamaha) 9Local extinction or extirpationLOSS OF...
...(Canis lupus)What is Extinction? 10What is Extinction?Regional...
...Extinction? 10What is Extinction?Regional extinctionEXTINCT IN A...
...(Panthera tigris)What is Extinction? 12Species diversity on...
...of natural mass extinction a large percentage...
...17Difficult to monitor extinction events due to...
...records.One notable event:Pleistocene extinction of megafauna and...
...19Timeframe for this extinction:Australia (44,000 – 72,000...
...for these groups, extinction rates are uncertainSome...
...actinacanthus 27 28Is Extinction Really an Issue?Extinction...
...Extinction Really an Issue?Extinction estimated to remain...
...past geological time, extinction balanced or exceeded...
...of new speciesPresently extinction rate exceeds known...
...families, orders 29Background Extinction RatesNatural background extinction...
...Extinction RatesNatural background extinction rates predicted from...
...million years before extinction or evolution into...
...based on background extinction rate, natural extinction...
...extinction rate, natural extinction = 0.0001 –...
...yearCurrent rate of extinction of birds and...
...natural rates 30Background Extinction RatesFor example:100 species...
...natural rate of extinction during this time...
...comes up with extinction rate 36-78 times...
...birds driven to extinction.In some cases extinction...
...extinction.In some cases extinction occurred within the...
...colonized. 32Why High Extinction Rates on Islands?Islands...
...DISEASES 33Why High Extinction Rates on Islands?When...
...by human activity extinction rates peak after...
...species 34Why High Extinction Rates on Islands?...
...with other species, extinction can have ripple...